Preoperative evaluation involves assessing a patient’s medical history, physical condition, and risk factors to ensure safety during anesthesia and surgery. Airway assessment helps predict difficulty in ventilation or intubation by examining factors like mouth opening, neck mobility, and facial structure. Airway equipment includes basic tools such as face masks, oral and nasal airways, and advanced devices like laryngoscopes, supraglottic airways, and endotracheal tubes, which ensure safe oxygen delivery and airway management.